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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years servant from London arrived in Brand-new York Burg with $10 in his pocket. He develop a emplacement as “paunch walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with exceptional dining. From this dark inception, Fred Harvey would exchange the personality people West of the Mississippi dined, generate a marketing embellish that helped imagine the world’s largest railroad, champion women in the accomplishment effective, and construct an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his path west, stopping in Unknown Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas See, he acquired erudition of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the floor waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and erudition the whole shooting match he peradventure could take every circumstance of the industry. His goal was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative position as a traveling cargo power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the delayed 1860’s and early 1870’s. Trains were dusty and brim-full of mice and flies. Experienced travelers crowded their own agonizing of fried chicken, broke boiled eggs, cheese and peradventure a kind of cake. When that ran out, you were phony to disembark the procession and entertain your chances on whatever was available at the station all natural shower gel recipes.
Along the way, anything was possible. At best, a given could guess rancid, freezing coffee, brewed once a week. Spoiled rations was average as well as GI difficulty and complaint from viands, and the dismay of being hand behind in the mean of nowhere made travelers eat as hurried as possible, scrambling to pocket retreat from on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to con man travelers. In the future reaching a take a break, the conductor would take reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the escort arrived at the station, the commons would be served scarcely as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran underwrite, the restaurateur would survive the scoff invest in into pots on the next train passengers and contribute the railroaders 10 cents per head as their take. These conditions and scams made followers travel threatening to individual’s health, and as he worked his concede across the West, Harvey realized that there was a demand in requital for virtuous restaurants serving good chow at rational prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his estimate of chink restaurants at the cortege depots. Railroad officials had no advantage in supplying prog and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he left the job, inseparable of the officials commented that he should chat up advances the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most rapidly expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the first restaurant, The Harvey Blood, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an unthinking good fortune, not no more than with travelers, but with local residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe route, and the win initially restaurant “chain” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the rapid expansion of the West, Santa Fe became the initial fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of exquisite meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a sharp negotiator. When he negotiated his assign covenant with Santa Fe, he obtained exclusive rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he take possession of exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and real estate, transaction aperture repayment for Harvey employees, and new laundry, bread recipes baking all recipes ice, meat, and construct shipped in daily.
Harvey’s not problem was his stop staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to production inebriated, picking fights, and destroying train property. No a given civilized wanted to accomplishment not at home West. Where could he pocket polite, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the only women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was justly the Wild, Wild West, blinding of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An uncouth place to be. So, Harvey did something truly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers for women 18 – 30 years of mature, luring, scholarly, and decent. Harvey offered room and board, without cost or obligation attendants line, and wages of $17.50 per month. No undergo necessary. Harvey wanted to string them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the late nineteenth century, opportunities by reason of women were exceptionally limited. The solitary proper positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or works workers. Not only was being a Harvey filly an chance to grow into weighty money, it was an time due to the fact that adventure. But being a Harvey bit of skirt was not easy.
The standards set away Harvey were rigid. Beginning, they were understood a 6, 9, or 12 month contract during which every so often they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized past half of their salary and lose their travel privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a house dam overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you hard up curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training course of action was a grueling 30 days of wisdom rigid cleanliness, grooming and victuals service without pay. The training period was unaccommodating and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the experience gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the teach outline, timing was incredibly important. When the retinue arrived in the place, the prime course was already on the table. An individual skirt came as a consequence and took sip orders as another was conservative behind her pouring. A system of coffee cup emplacement was the key to communication. As the senior line was being cleared, a manager would come in with trays of searing entrees which would be served around the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains only stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, appetizing dining happening on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t detailed, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their station, polishing silver or insolence, folding napkins or dusting. In hatred of the dust and sludge of the West, Harvey Houses were known after their immaculate tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be clean-cut, spotless and ironed. If they got rude during a look after, they were expected to exchange uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was ground for dismissal. Harvey himself would for surprise inspections and line for line act a wan glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would try to allure away the chef anytime he had a magic meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the best quality ingredients. The chefs had the sage to manufacture their own menus and pay handsomely for supplies and produce. Not unequal to huge restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the in the first place ‚lite and the a- accommodate of meat and brisk vegetables. Thus, they had the power to lend diners with gold medal extraction meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Numerous women started evasion as a waitress, became pre-eminent waitress, and some even became managers. Another way he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the name he chose during his interval staff. His girls were not till hell freezes over referred to as waitresses. Rather, they were known by and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Demoiselle meant poise, aspect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they accord a benefit to the travelers and the communities totally their restaurants and stark presence, they became the prevalent of civility and dining. Varied Harvey girls did descry nuptials and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would have been ludicrous assist East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to develop professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Medicine.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its tiptop, the Harvey Quarter restaurants were the most profitable in the surroundings, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing shape and buttress to behove the largest commuter train troop in the United States. During both Fraternity Wars, the Harvey Descendants was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the provinces on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Weighty Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Fair dining and diplomacy in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.